@article{Ahmed2024,
  title={ChatGPT versus Bard: A comparative study},
  author={Ahmed, I. and Kajol, M. and Hasan, U. and Datta, P. P. and Roy, A. and Reza, M. R.},
  journal={Engineering Reports},
  volume={6},
  number={11},
  pages={e12890},
  year={2024}
}
@book{Bennett2015,
  author    = {Christopher Bennett},
  title     = {What Is This Thing Called Ethics?},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address   = {London},
  year      = {2015},
  isbn      = {9780415832335}
}
@inproceedings{Brown2020,
  title={Language models are few-shot learners},
  author={Brown, T. and Mann, B. and Ryder, N. and Subbiah, M. and Kaplan, J. D. and Dhariwal, P. and Amodei, D.},
  booktitle={Advances in neural information processing systems},
  volume={33},
  pages={1877--1901},
  year={2020}
}

@article{Thoppilan2022,
  title={LaMDA: Language models for dialog applications},
  author={Thoppilan, R. and De Freitas, D. and Hall, J. and Shazeer, N. and Kulshreshtha, A. and Cheng, H. T. and Le, Q.},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.08239},
  year={2022}
}

@article{Alkaissi2023,
  title={Artificial hallucinations in ChatGPT: implications in scientific writing},
  author={Alkaissi, H. and McFarlane, S. I.},
  journal={Cureus},
  volume={15},
  number={2},
  year={2023}
}

@article{Chelli2024,
  title={Hallucination rates and reference accuracy of ChatGPT and Bard for systematic reviews: comparative analysis},
  author={Chelli, M. and Descamps, J. and Lavou{\'e}, V. and Trojani, C. and Azar, M. and Deckert, M. and Ruetsch-Chelli, C.},
  journal={Journal of medical Internet research},
  volume={26},
  pages={e53164},
  year={2024}
}

@article{Heck2023,
  title={What artificial intelligence knows about 70 kDa heat shock proteins, and how we will face this ChatGPT era},
  author={Heck, T. G.},
  journal={Cell Stress and Chaperones},
  volume={28},
  number={3},
  pages={225--229},
  year={2023}
}

@article{Athaluri2023,
  title={Exploring the boundaries of reality: investigating the phenomenon of artificial intelligence hallucination in scientific writing through ChatGPT references},
  author={Athaluri, S. A. and Manthena, S. V. and Kesapragada, V. K. M. and Yarlagadda, V. and Dave, T. and Duddumpudi, R. T. S.},
  journal={Cureus},
  volume={15},
  number={4},
  year={2023}
}

@article{Nasr2023,
  title={Scalable extraction of training data from (production) language models},
  author={Nasr, M. and Carlini, N. and Hayase, J. and Jagielski, M. and Cooper, A. F. and Ippolito, D. and Lee, K.},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.17035},
  year={2023}
}

@article{Kikalishvili2023,
  title={Unlocking the potential of GPT-3 in education: opportunities, limitations, and recommendations for effective integration},
  author={Kikalishvili, Shalva},
  journal={Interactive Learning Environments},
  volume={32},
  year={2023}
}

@article{Tack2022,
  title={The AI Teacher Test: Measuring the Pedagogical Ability of Blender and GPT-3 in Educational Dialogues},
  author={Tack, Ana{\"i}s and Piech, Chris},
  year={2022}
}

@article{Sharma2023,
  title={Chat GPT and Copyright: Legal and Ethical Challenges},
  author={Kavia, Aditi and Sharma, Kumari Simran},
  publisher={SSRN},
  year={2023},
  month={July}
}

@article{Ray2023,
  title={ChatGPT: a Comprehensive Review on background, applications, Key challenges, bias, ethics, Limitations and Future Scope},
  author={Ray, P. P.},
  journal={Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems},
  volume={3},
  number={1},
  pages={121--154},
  year={2023}
}

@inproceedings{Shneiderman2020,
  title={Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Three Fresh Ideas},
  author={Shneiderman, B.},
  booktitle={AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction},
  volume={12},
  number={3},
  pages={109--124},
  year={2020}
}

@article{Sumbal2024,
  title={Can ChatGPT-3.5 Pass a Medical Exam? A Systematic Review of ChatGPT's Performance in Academic Testing},
  author={Sumbal, Anusha and Sumbal, Ramish and Amir, A.},
  journal={Journal of medical education and curricular development},
  volume={11},
  year={2024}
}

@article{Friedman1996,
  title={Value-sensitive design},
  author={Friedman, B.},
  journal={interactions},
  volume={3},
  number={6},
  pages={16--23},
  year={1996}
}

@article{gabriel2021challenge,
  title={The Challenge of Value Alignment: From Fairer Algorithms to AI Safety},
  author={Gabriel, Iason and Ghazavi, Vafa},
  journal={Minds and Machines},
  volume={31},
  number={4},
  pages={629--653},
  year={2021},
  publisher={Springer},
  doi={10.1007/s11023-021-09563-0}
}

@article{munn2023uselessness,
  title={The Uselessness of AI Ethics},
  author={Munn, Luke},
  journal={AI and Society},
  year={2023},
  publisher={Springer},
  doi={10.1007/s00146-023-01673-z}
}

@article{Ouyang2022,
  title={Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback},
  author={Ouyang, L. and Wu, J. and Jiang, X. and Almeida, D. and Wainwright, C.L. and Mishkin, P. and Zhang, C. and Agarwal, S. and Slama, K. and Ray, A.K. and Schulman, J. and Hilton, J.K. and Kelton, F. and Miller, L.P. and Simens, M. and Askell, A. and Welinder, P. and Christiano, P.F. and Leike, J. and Lowe, R.J.},
  journal={arXiv (Cornell University)},
  year={2022}
}

@article{Baeza2018,
  title={Bias on the web},
  author={Baeza-Yates, R.},
  journal={Communications of the ACM},
  volume={61},
  number={6},
  pages={54--61},
  year={2018}
}

@article{Boxleitner2023,
  title={Pushing Boundaries or Crossing Lines? The Complex Ethics of ChatGPT Jailbreaking},
  author={Boxleitner, A.},
  journal={Social Science Research Network},
  year={2023}
}

@article{Roman2024,
  title={Leveraging Professional Ethics for Responsible AI},
  author={Roman, D.},
  journal={Acm.org},
  year={2024}
}

@misc{win3zz_2024_githubleakedapikeysandsecretsmd,
  author = { win3zz},
  month = {11},
  title = {GitHub-Leaked-API-Keys-and-Secrets.md},
  url = {https://gist.github.com/win3zz/0a1c70589fcbea64dba4588b93095855},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2024},
  organization = {Gist}
}

@misc{departmentofindustryscienceandresources_2024_australias,
  author = {Department of Industry, Science and Resources},
  month = {10},
  title = {Australia’s AI Ethics Principles},
  url = {https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/australias-artificial-intelligence-ethics-principles/australias-ai-ethics-principles},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2024},
  organization = {Industry.gov.au}
}

@article{roman_2024_leveraging,
  author = {Roman, David},
  month = {02},
  publisher = {Communications of the ACM},
  title = {Leveraging Professional Ethics for Responsible AI},
  doi = {10.1145\/3625252},
  url = {https://cacm.acm.org/opinion/leveraging-professional-ethics-for-responsible-ai/},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2024},
  journal = {Acm.org}
}

@article{hern_2023_i,
  author = {Hern, Alex and Milmo, Dan},
  month = {04},
  title = {‘I didn’t give permission’: Do AI’s backers care about data law breaches?},
  url = {https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/apr/10/i-didnt-give-permission-do-ais-backers-care-about-data-law-breaches},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2023},
  organization = {The Guardian},
  journal = {The Guardian}
}

@misc{associationforcomputingmachinery_2018_acm,
  author = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  month = {06},
  title = {ACM Code of Ethics and professional conduct},
  url = {https://www.acm.org/code-of-ethics},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2018},
  organization = {Association for Computing Machinery}
}

@misc{lifshitz_2025_scraping,
  author = {Lifshitz, Lisa  and Crimi, Laura},
  month = {02},
  title = {Scraping the Surface: OpenAI Sued for Data Scraping in Canada},
  url = {https://www.americanbar.org/groups/business_law/resources/business-law-today/2025-february/openai-sued-data-scraping-canada/},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2025},
  organization = {Americanbar.org}
}

@misc{microsoftai_responsible_2025,
  author = {Microsoft AI},
  title = {Responsible AI Principles and Approach},
  url = {https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/ai/principles-and-approach},
  urldate = {2025-03-26},
  year = {n.d.},
  organization = {Microsoft}
}

@misc{openai_codex_2025,
  author = {OpenAI},
  title = {OpenAI Codex},
  url = {https://openai.com/index/openai-codex},
  urldate = {2025-03-25},
  year = {n.d.},
  organization = {OpenAI}
}

@article{ray_2023_chatgpt,
  author = {Ray, P. P.},
  title = {ChatGPT: A comprehensive review on background, applications, key challenges, bias, ethics, limitations and future scope},
  journal = {Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {121--154},
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266734522300024X#sec9},
  urldate = {2025-03-27},
  year = {2023},
  month = {01},
  publisher = {ScienceDirect}
}

@article{alkamli_2024_understanding,
  author = {Alkamli, S. and Alabduljabbar, R.},
  title = {Understanding privacy concerns in ChatGPT: A data-driven approach with LDA Topic Modeling},
  journal = {Heliyon},
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024151183#sec1},
  urldate = {2025-03-27},
  year = {2024},
  month = {03},
  publisher = {ScienceDirect}
}

@misc{gdpr_2017_right,
  author = {General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)},
  title = {Art. 17 GDPR – Right to erasure ('right to be forgotten')},
  url = {https://gdpr-info.eu/art-17-gdpr/},
  urldate = {2025-03-27},
  year = {2017},
  organization = {GDPR-Info.eu}
}

@misc{ashoka_2023_forget,
  author = {Ashoka},
  title = {We forgot to give neural networks the ability to forget},
  url = {https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashoka/2023/01/25/we-forgot-to-give-neural-networks-the-ability-to-forget/?sh=44424d816853},
  urldate = {2025-03-27},
  year = {2023},
  month = {01},
  organization = {Forbes}
}

@misc{authorsguild_2023_classaction,
  author = {The Authors Guild and Grisham, J. and Picoult, J. and Baldacci, D. and Martin, G. R. R. and others},
  title = {The Authors Guild: John Grisham, Jodi Picoult, David Baldacci, George R.R. Martin, and 13 other authors file class-action suit against OpenAI},
  url = {https://authorsguild.org/news/ag-and-authors-file-class-action-suit-against-openai/},
  urldate = {2025-03-28},
  year = {2023},
  month = {09},
  organization = {Authors Guild}
}

@misc{li_2024_efficiency,
  author = {Li, M. and Krishnamachari, B.},
  title = {Evaluating ChatGPT-3.5 efficiency in solving coding problems of different complexity levels: An empirical analysis},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.07529},
  urldate = {2025-04-02},
  year = {2024},
  month = {11},
  organization = {arXiv}
}

@misc{schneier_2023_scams,
  author = {Schneier, B.},
  title = {Brace yourself for a tidal wave of ChatGPT email scams},
  url = {https://www.wired.com/story/large-language-model-phishing-scams/},
  urldate = {2025-03-29},
  year = {2023},
  month = {08},
  organization = {Wired}
}

@misc{zacharakos_2023_malware,
  author = {Zacharakos, A.},
  title = {How hackers can abuse ChatGPT to create malware},
  url = {https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/news/365531559/How-hackers-can-abuse-ChatGPT-to-create-malware},
  urldate = {2025-03-29},
  year = {2023},
  month = {08},
  organization = {TechTarget}
}

@misc{0xk1h0_chatgptdan_2025,
  author = {0xk1h0},
  title = {0xk1h0/chatgpt_dan: ChatGPT Dan, jailbreaks prompt},
  url = {https://github.com/0xk1h0/ChatGPT_DAN},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {n.d.},
  organization = {GitHub}
}

@misc{kim_2025_amazon,
  author = {Kim, E.},
  title = {Amazon warns employees not to share confidential information with ChatGPT after seeing cases where its answer ‘closely matches existing material’ from inside the company},
  url = {https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-chatgpt-openai-warns-employees-not-share-confidential-information-microsoft-2023-1},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {n.d.},
  organization = {Business Insider}
}

@misc{ray_2024_samsung,
  author = {Ray, S.},
  title = {Samsung bans ChatGPT among employees after sensitive code leak},
  url = {https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2023/05/02/samsung-bans-chatgpt-and-other-chatbots-for-employees-after-sensitive-code-leak/},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2024},
  month = {05},
  organization = {Forbes}
}

@misc{carrick_2023_lawyer,
  author = {Carrick, Damien and Kesteven, Sophie},
  title = {‘Use with caution’: How ChatGPT Landed This US Lawyer and His Firm in Hot Water},
  url = {https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-06-24/us-lawyer-uses-chatgpt-to-research-case-with-embarrassing-result/102490068},
  urldate = {2025-03-30},
  year = {2023},
  month = {06},
  organization = {ABC News}
}

@misc{gpt35comp,
  title        = {A Comprehensive Capability Analysis of GPT-3 and GPT-3.5 Series Models},
  author       = {OpenAI},
  year         = {2023},
  howpublished = {OpenAI White Paper},
  note         = {\url{https://openai.com/}}
}

@misc{gpt1,
  title        = {Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training},
  author       = {Radford, Alec and Narasimhan, Karthik and Salimans, Tim and Sutskever, Ilya},
  year         = {2018},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Technical Report},
  note         = {\url{https://cdn.openai.com/research-covers/language-unsupervised/language_understanding_paper.pdf}}
}

@misc{gpt2,
  title        = {Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners},
  author       = {Radford, Alec and Wu, Jeffrey and Child, Rewon and Luan, David and Amodei, Dario and Sutskever, Ilya},
  year         = {2019},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Technical Report},
  note         = {\url{https://cdn.openai.com/better-language-models/language_models_are_unsupervised_multitask_learners.pdf}}
}

@article{gpt3,
  title   = {Language Models are Few-Shot Learners},
  author  = {Brown, Tom B and Mann, Benjamin and Ryder, Nick and Subbiah, Melanie and Kaplan, Jared and Dhariwal, Prafulla and Neelakantan, Arvind and Shyam, Pranav and Sastry, Girish and Askell, Amanda and Agarwal, Sandhini and Herbert-Voss, Ariel and Krueger, Gretchen and Henighan, Tom and Child, Rewon and Ramesh, Aditya and Ziegler, Daniel and Wu, Jeffrey and Winter, Clemens and Hesse, Christopher and Chen, Mark and Sigler, Eric and Litwin, Mateusz and Gray, Scott and Chess, Benjamin and Clark, Jack and Berner, Christopher and McCandlish, Sam and Radford, Alec and Sutskever, Ilya and Amodei, Dario},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.14165},
  year    = {2020}
}

@article{instructgpt,
  title   = {Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback},
  author  = {Ouyang, Long and Wu, Jeff and Jiang, Xu and Almeida, Diogo and Wainwright, Carroll L. and Mishkin, Pamela and Zhang, Chong and Agarwal, Sandhini and Slama, Katarina and Ray, Alex and Schulman, John and Hilton, Jacob and Kelton, Fraser and Miller, Luke and Simens, Maddie and Askell, Amanda and Welinder, Peter and Christiano, Paul and Leike, Jan and Lowe, Ryan},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.02155},
  year    = {2022}
}

@book{kahneman2011thinking,
  title={Thinking, Fast and Slow},
  author={Kahneman, Daniel},
  year={2011},
  publisher={Farrar, Straus and Giroux}
}

@article{malizia2023xai,
  title={Why Is the Current XAI Not Meeting the Expectations?},
  author={Malizia, Alessio and Paternò, Fabio},
  journal={Communications of the ACM},
  volume={66},
  number={12},
  pages={20--22},
  year={2023},
  publisher={ACM},
  doi={10.1145/3588313}
}

@article{gabriel2021challenge,
  title={The Challenge of Value Alignment: From Fairer Algorithms to AI Safety},
  author={Gabriel, Iason and Ghazavi, Vafa},
  journal={Minds and Machines},
  volume={31},
  number={4},
  pages={629--653},
  year={2021},
  publisher={Springer},
  doi={10.1007/s11023-021-09563-0}
}

@article{munn2023uselessness,
  title={The Uselessness of AI Ethics},
  author={Munn, Luke},
  journal={AI and Society},
  year={2023},
  publisher={Springer},
  doi={10.1007/s00146-023-01673-z}
}

@article{laskar2023systematic,
  title={A systematic study and comprehensive evaluation of ChatGPT on benchmark datasets},
  author={Laskar, Md Tahmid Rahman and Bari, M Saiful and Rahman, Mizanur and Bhuiyan, Md Amran Hossen and Joty, Shafiq and Huang, Jimmy Xiangji},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.18486},
  year={2023}
}

@article{ouyang2022training,
  title={Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback},
  author={Ouyang, Long and Wu, Jeffrey and Jiang, Xu and Almeida, Diogo and Wainwright, Carroll and Mishkin, Pamela and Zhang, Chong and Agarwal, Sandhini and Slama, Katarina and Ray, Alex and others},
  journal={Advances in neural information processing systems},
  volume={35},
  pages={27730--27744},
  year={2022}
}

@article{thoppilan2022lamda,
  title={Lamda: Language models for dialog applications},
  author={Thoppilan, Romal and De Freitas, Daniel and Hall, Jamie and Shazeer, Noam and Kulshreshtha, Apoorv and Cheng, Heng-Tze and Jin, Alicia and Bos, Taylor and Baker, Leslie and Du, Yu and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.08239},
  year={2022}
}

@article{NYT2023ChatGPTPrivacyExploit,
  author    = {Cade Metz and Keith Collins},
  title     = {How Strangers Got My Email Address From ChatGPT's Model},
  journal   = {The New York Times},
  date      = {2023-12-22},
  url       = {https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/12/22/technology/openai-chatgpt-privacy-exploit.html}
}

@inbook{Friedman2013,
  title = {Value Sensitive Design and Information Systems},
  ISBN = {9789400778443},
  ISSN = {1879-7210},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7844-3_4},
  DOI = {10.1007/978-94-007-7844-3_4},
  booktitle = {Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory},
  publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
  author = {Friedman,  Batya and Kahn,  Peter H. and Borning,  Alan and Huldtgren,  Alina},
  year = {2013},
  pages = {55–95}
}

@misc{acmcode2018,
  author       = {{Association for Computing Machinery}},
  title        = {ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct},
  year         = 2018,
  url          = {https://www.acm.org/code-of-ethics},
  note         = {Accessed: 2025-04-11}
}

@article{bietti2020ethics,
  author  = {Elettra Bietti},
  title   = {From Ethics Washing to Ethics Bashing: A View on Tech Ethics from Within Moral Philosophy},
  journal = {Philosophy & Technology},
  volume  = {33},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {541--559},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1007/s13347-020-00405-1},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-020-00405-1}
}

@misc{openai_chatgpt,
  author       = {OpenAI},
  title        = {ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue},
  year         = {2022},
  howpublished = {\url{https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt}},
  note         = {Accessed: 2025-04-11}
}

@misc{anthropic_claude,
  author       = {Anthropic},
  title        = {Claude AI by Anthropic},
  year         = {2023},
  howpublished = {\url{https://www.anthropic.com/index/introducing-claude}},
  note         = {Accessed: 2025-04-11}
}